The VRM methodology defines a scientific method
developed by the Bureau of Land Management (BLM)
in the USA – the impact of this management
depends on the visual contrast created between
a project and the existing landscape.
C.A.L.P.
(Collaborative for Advanced Landscape Planning)
The Proposed
Interim Code of Ethics for Landscape
Visualisation (July 2003)1 states
that professional presenters of
realistic landscape visualisations
are responsible for promoting
full understanding of proposed
landscape changes; providing an
honest and neutral visual representation
of the expected landscape, by
seeking to avoid bias in responses
and demonstrating the legitimacy
of the visualisation process. (www.calp.forestry.ubc.ca)
LANDSCAPE
VISUALISATION PRINCIPLES
Presenters
of landscape visualisations
should adhere to the principles
of:
Access to
Information
Accuracy
Legitimacy
Representativeness
Visual Clarity
Interest
ETHICAL
CONDUCT
The Code
of Ethical Conduct states that
the presenter should:
Demonstrate
an appropriate level of qualifications
and experience.
Use
visualisation tools and media
that are appropriate to the
purpose.
Choose
the appropriate level of realism.
Identify,
collect and document supporting
visual data available for
or used in the visualisation
process; conduct an on-site
visual analysis to determine
important issues and views.
Seek
community input on viewpoints
and landscape issues to address
in the visualisations.
Provide
the viewer with a reasonable
choice of viewpoints, view
directions, view angles, viewing
conditions and time frames
appropriate to the area being
visualised.
Estimate
and disclose the expected
degree of error and uncertainty,
indicating areas and possible
visual consequences of the
uncertainties.
Use
more than one appropriate
presentation mode and means
of access for the affected
public.
Present
important non-visual information
at the same time as the visual
presentation, using a neutral
delivery.
Avoid
the use or the appearance
of “sales” techniques
or special effects.
Avoid
seeking a particular response
from the audience.
Provide
information describing how
the visualisation process
was conducted and key decisions
taken.
1Sheppard, S.R.J. 2001. Guidance for crystal ball gazers: Developing a code of ethics for landscape visualization. Landscape & Urban Planning 54(1-4):183-199.
1Sheppard, S.R.J. 2005. Validity, reliability, and ethics in visualization. In: Bishop, I. & Lange, E. (Eds.) Visualization in Landscape and Environmental Planning: Technology and Applications. Taylor and Francis, London. Chapter 5, pp. 79-97.
